Pulitzer material. “How China Secretly Pays Iran for Oil and Avoids U.S. Sanctions,” WSJ, 10-5-25. “The barter-like system works like this, according to current and former officials from several Western countries, including the U.S.: Iranian oil is shipped to China—Tehran’s biggest customer—and, in return, state-backed Chinese companies build infrastructure in Iran. Completing the loop, the officials say, are a Chinese state-owned insurer that calls itself the world’s largest export-credit agency and a Chinese financial entity that is so secretive that its name couldn’t be found on any public list of Chinese banks or financial firms. The arrangement, by sidestepping the international banking system, has provided a lifeline to Iran’s sanctions-squeezed economy. Up to $8.4 billion in oil payments flowed through the funding conduit last year to finance Chinese work on large infrastructure projects in Iran, according to some of the officials. … The system through which Iranian crude is exchanged for Chinese-built infrastructure involves two primary players: China’s large state insurance company Sinosure and a China-based financing mechanism that the officials all referred to as Chuxin. The officials pieced together their understanding of the system through financial documents, intelligence assessments and diplomatic channels. In the arrangement, some of the officials said, an Iranian-controlled company registers the sale of oil to a Chinese buyer controlled by state-owned oil trader Zhuhai Zhenrong, a U.S. sanctions target. The Chinese buyer, in return, deposits hundreds of millions of dollars each month with Chuxin, officials said. Chuxin then delivers the funds to Chinese contractors that perform engineering work in Iran, in projects whose financing is insured by Sinosure. Sinosure serves as the financial glue that holds the projects together.”
“Iran says nuclear cooperation with IAEA ‘no longer relevant’,” Al Jazeera, 10-5-25.
“Zeros” don’t have the same connotation there as they do here. So, No, the news is not about Rafsanjani, Ahmadinejad, Rouhani, and Raisi. “Iran’s parliament approves plan to remove four zeros from national currency,” Iran International, 10-5-25.
“China’s Customs Reports Over 3 Tons of Gold Exported to Iran in Early 2025,” WAWA, 10-5-25.
“Iran says Cairo agreement for cooperation with IAEA ‘no longer valid’ after sanctions reimposed,” MEMO, 10-5-25.